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Battle of the Ford of the Biscuits
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Battle of the Ford of the Biscuits : ウィキペディア英語版
Battle of the Ford of the Biscuits

The Battle of the Ford of the Biscuits took place in County Fermanagh, Ireland on 7 August 1594 when a force of invading English colonial soldiers led by Sir Henry Duke was ambushed and defeated by a native Irish force under Hugh Maguire in the region of the fords of the Arney River on the approaches to Enniskillen. Duke's men were a relief column for the town which had been under siege since June.
The battle acquired its distinctive name due to the supplies of the Crown forces, largely hard biscuits, which were scattered and left floating in the river. The battle was an early exchange of Tyrone's Rebellion, and exposed the vulnerability of Crown forces to ambushes in the wilder parts of Ulster with its thick woods and bogs.
==Background==
As part of the English Tudor colonial programme in Ireland, a policy of surrender and regrant was introduced that involved the formal submission of the native Irish lords to the English Crown. Fermanagh was shired as a county and elements of English law were introduced to replace Brehon Law overseen by Hugh Maguire the Gaelic Lord of Enniskillen. The Maguire revolt grew out of his resentment at the introduction of English law which reduced his overlordship over his weaker neighbours, and particularly the activities of a local sheriff, Captain Humphrey Willis, who was known for his heavy-handed behavior.
Maguire launched his resistance by sacking the lands of his neighbours. The English government responded by sending a force under the Marshal of Ireland, Sir Henry Bagenal to confront the native Irish. The leading Gaelic lord of Ulster, Hugh O'Neill, Earl of Tyrone also led forces into the field, and alongside his estranged brother-in-law Henry Bagenal defeated the Irish at the Battle of the Erne Fords in 1593. Maguire's capital at Enniskillen was captured and garrisoned by a force of English government troops. Maguire then agreed to submit, and an agreement was brokered by Tyrone. However the peace did not last long and Maguire and his supporters laid siege to Enniskillen in June 1594. A relief force was despatched to aid the stranded garrison.〔Falls p.181〕

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